Poultry is an important part of India's agricultural economy, and it plays a multifaceted role in providing livelihood support to the rural population in particular. Apart from contributing to the national economy in general and the agricultural economy in particular, the poultry sector also provides employment opportunities, asset creation, a coping mechanism in the event of crop failure, social and financial security. Poultry is the most affordable and arguably the best source of animal white meat protein for the general population. Small and marginal farmers with limited resources, as well as landless labourers, rear backyard poultry to supplement family income, which is cared for by their female relatives. As a result, sustainable development of the poultry sector would lead to more inclusive development and women's empowerment.