Food quality and safety are the two important factors that have gained ever-increasing attention in general consumer. Conventionally grown foods have immense adverse health effects due to the presence of higher pesticides, more nitrate, hormones, antibiotic residues and also genetically modified organisms. Moreover, conventionally grown food are less nutritious. The chapter emphasizes that intensive and indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers, insecticides, herbicides and other pesticides affect the quality of food grains, vegetables, fruits and other eatables there by affecting human and animal health. It also reviews the importance of organic farming in enhancing food quality and productivity and summarizes the results of impact of organic farming on various crops. Organic farming also protects environment and has great socio-economic impact.