The future of medicine seems to be boundless, credit to the technological advancements of recent years. In the last few years, the medical biotechnology field has been developing at an exponential rate. New tools and technologies are constantly emerging to improve the quality of life for millions of people around the world. In this article, we will go over the most significant improvements in medical biotechnology in the last few years. We will also highlight some of the pioneers in the medical biotechnology field and explain their roles. The invention of recombinant DNA or genetic engineering has revolutionized biotech research and made it reach every aspect of our life. Biotechnology has proved a blessing for medical science in several ways. Be it in enhancing immunity against diseases, or in providing genetically improved treatment for ailments, biotechnology has become an inseparable part of the medical world. In fact, the development of human insulin, the first genetically engineered drug, has marked the beginning of an extremely successful era of genetic applications in medicine.