Desert forestry is a proactive approach to reclaiming arid and semi-arid deserts for ecological, agricultural, and economic purposes. By harnessing innovative methods, such as wastewater treatment, forests like the Serapium in Egypt demonstrate the potential to combat desertification while simultaneously addressing biodiversity conservation and economic growth. This paper explores the Serapium Forest as a case study, highlighting its utilization of treated sewage water for sustainable forest growth, the biodiversity it fosters, and the economic opportunities it presents through timber production.