Since the domestication of crops and the emergence of sedentary societies, our species has never faced a more serious challenge than that which we are confronting in adapting to climate change. Climate change will exert increasing pressure on our ability to meet other major challenges, with feeding the world's growing population. This added demand has place extraordinary pressure on forests, fisheries, hydrologic systems and soils that are already overburdened, and it is particularly troubling for areas where people depend on already degraded systems for their survival. The environmental impacts of meeting rising food demand has intensified by climate change as global warming and changes in associated climate features accelerate degradation processes in vulnerable environments and lead to unknown interactions and feedback in the complex web of relationships among social, environmental, economic and food systems with ?uncertain consequences. Extension and advisory service (EAS) providers have an immensely important role to play in serving as a critical link between farmers and sources of new information and tools, and in aiding behavior change toward adapted practices among farming populations.